Influence of food deprivation and high stocking density on energetic metabolism and stress response in red porgy, Pagrus pagrus L

In the present study, the influence of high stocking density and food deprivation on red porgy ( L.) energy metabolism was investigated after 14 and 21 days assessing plasmatic, hepatic, and muscular parameters. Specimens were submitted to four different experimental conditions: (1) fed fish under low stocking density (4 kg m(-3), LSD-F); (2) food-deprived fish under low stocking density (LSD-FD); (3) fed fish under high stocking density (50 kg m(-3), HSD-F); and (4) food-deprived fish under high stocking density (HSD-FD). At plasmatic level, cortisol concentration enhanced in fish maintained under HSD condition, with higher effect in fed fish, whereas FD condition decreased values of lactate, protein, and triglycerides. In liver, significant increases in triglyceride levels, together with a decrease in glycogen values, were observed in FD specimens. Furthermore, a weak effect of density in fed fish was observed, with decreasing hepatic glycogen. In white muscle, aminoacid and triglyceride values diminished in FD group, while increased in specimens submitted to HSD condition. Our results suggested an enhancement in gluconeogenic and glycogenolytic potential when submitted to HSD and FD conditions to cope reallocation of metabolic energy due to these different stress situations.