Alterations in serum levels of fetuin A and selenoprotein P in chronic hepatitis C patients with concomitant type 2 diabetes: A case-control study

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are serious extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, the mechanism underlying the IR in chronic HCV is obscure. Hepatokines are group of liver-derived protein, which affect the glucose and lipid metabolism in several tissues. Fetuin A (also known as human alpha 2-HS-glycoprotein) is one of the hepatokines, which was recognized as a natural inhibitor of the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase in liver and skeletal muscle. Additionally, selenoprotein P has emerged as an important hepatokine, which primarily acts as selenium transporter and has been reported to be implicated in glucose homeostasis in human. Objective: The aim of the current case-control study was to investigate the serum levels of both fetuin A and selenoprotein P in chronic hepatitis C patients with or without T2DM and to correlate their levels with other biochemical parameters of insulin resistance. Main findings: Our results showed that, serum fetuin A levels increased significantly in HCV patients compared with controls (P < 0.01) and surplus increase was found in HCV with concomitant T2DM (P > 0.001). However, selenoprotein P levels significantly elevated only in patients with both HCV and T2DM (P < 0.05) compared with the healthy subjects. Both fetuin A and selenoprotein P were positively correlated with fasting blood glucose. Yet, only fetuin A was significantly correlated to the HOMA-IR (r = 0.28; P = 0.03). Conclusions: These results indicate crucial roles played by fetuin A and selenoprotein P in the IR caused by HCV and that both hepatokines may be targets for the development of therapies to treat or inhibit insulin resistance associated to HCV. However, further studies on large scale should be conducted to confirm our findings. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.