The Epigenetic Control of the Transposable Element Life Cycle in Plant Genomes and Beyond

被引:24
作者
Liu, Peng [1 ]
Cuerda-Gil, Diego [1 ,2 ]
Shahid, Saima [1 ]
Slotkin, R. Keith [1 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO 63132 USA
[2] Ohio State Univ, Grad Program, Dept Mol Genet, Columbus, OH USA
[3] Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
transposable element; transposon; silencing; epigenetics; sequence domestication; DNA METHYLATION; HORIZONTAL TRANSFER; SMALL RNAS; GENE; EVOLUTION; RETROTRANSPOSONS; TRANSPOSITION; RICE; ACTIVATION; MUTATION;
D O I
10.1146/annurev-genet-072920-015534
中图分类号
Q3 [遗传学];
学科分类号
071007 ; 090102 ;
摘要
Within the life cycle of a living organism, another life cycle exists for the selfish genome inhabitants, which are called transposable elements (TEs). These mobile sequences invade, duplicate, amplify, and diversify within a genome, increasing the genome's size and generating new mutations. Cells act to defend their genome, but rather than permanently destroying TEs, they use chromatin-level repression and epigenetic inheritance to silence TE activity. This level of silencing is ephemeral and reversible, leading to a dynamic equilibrium between TE suppression and reactivation within a host genome. The coexistence of the TE and host genome can also lead to the domestication of the TE to serve in host genome evolution and function. In this review, we describe the life cycle of a TE, with emphasis on how epigenetic regulation is harnessed to control TEs for host genome stability and innovation.
引用
收藏
页码:63 / 87
页数:25
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