Expression and regulation by serum of multiple FGF1 mRNA in normal transformed, and malignant human mammary epithelial cells

In normal (NMEC), transformed (HBL-100) and malignant human mammary epithelial cells (MCF 7, BT-20, MDA-MB 231), we have examined the expression and the regulation by serum of FGF1 and FGF2 mRNA. FGF2 mRNA level was higher in NMEC and in a HBL-100 than in malignant cell lines (MDA-MB-231, BT-20). No FGF2 mRNA was detected in the malignant cell line, MCF-7. In contrast, the FGF1 mRNA was detected in all the mammary epithelial cells but at different levels. NMEC, HBL-100 and MDA-MB-231 cells expressed similar level of FGF1 and higher than that observed in BT-20 and MCF-7. In contrast to FGF2 which is only expressed in nonmalignant cells, no correlation between FGF1 mRNA expression and the phenotype of the cells was observed. We followed the expression of four FGF1 mRNA, heterogenous in their 5' untranslated regions. This study demonstrated that (i) the FGF1 mRNA 1.A was not expressed by mammary epithelial cells, (ii) the FGF1 mRNA 1.B was only expressed in normal mammary epithelial cells and (iii) the transcripts 1.C and 1.D were expressed in normal and malignant cells with specific patterns. The expression of FGF1 mRNAs responded in a cell specific manner to serum starvation. The mRNA 1.A was only expressed in normal cells cultured in the absence of serum while 1.C was either up- or down-regulated by serum in transformed cells and the expression of 1.D was greater in presence of serum in all cell lines. These results show that the regulation of FGF1 mRNAs expression is cell specific and does not correlate with a tumorigenic or transformed cell phenotype. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc.