M1/M2 Macrophages Play Different Roles in Adipogenic Differentiation of PDGFR+ Preadipocytes In Vitro

BackgroundPGGFR(+) preadipocytes are the major subpopulations that can regenerate into adipocytes. Two different types of macrophages exist in the fat tissue: the classically activated macrophage (M1) and the alternatively activated macrophage (M2). In this study, we investigated whether M1/M2 macrophages play distinct roles in adipogenic differentiation of PDGFR(+) preadipocytes.MethodsMouse preadipocytes and macrophages were isolated from C57BL/6 male mice of 6-8weeks. The culture supernate of M1 and M2 macrophages was collected and co-cultured with the PDGFR(+) preadipocytes. After 3days, Oil Red O staining was used to evaluate to adipogenic differentiation of PDGFR(+) preadipocytes and the expression of adipogenic-related transcription factors (C/EBP-, PPAR) were also tested.ResultsThe results showed that when cultured in vitro, M1 macrophages could significantly suppress the adipogenesis of PDGFR(+) preadipocytes as well as the C/EBP- and PPAR expression, but M2 macrophages did not have significant influence on the adipogenesis of PDGFR(+) preadipocytes nor on C/EBP- and PPAR expression compared with the control group.ConclusionsM1 macrophages significantly suppress PDGFR(+) preadipocyte adipogenesis which provides a possible way to improve adipogenesis and fat retention after fat-free grafting by mitigating acute inflammation and manipulating M1 macrophage levels.No Level AssignedThis journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.