Adult-onset primary focal foot dystonia

Although primary focal hand dystonia has been well characterized, primary focal foot dystonia in adults has rarely been reported. Our objective was to describe the clinical phenotype and treatment outcomes in patients with primary, adult-onset focal foot dystonia. To this end we conducted a retrospective study of four consecutive patients (59.5 +/- 13.5 years, range 44-67) diagnosed over a period of 6 years and followed-up for at least 5 years. Focal foot dystonia resulted in variable physical impairment. Anti-dystonic agents were mildly effective whereas botulinum toxin injections provided substantial benefit when used. Focal primary focal foot dystonia seems to be a rare form of focal dystonia with distinct clinical features that may benefit from treatment with botulinum toxin. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.