Clinical observation of antibiotics in preventing nosocomial infection in premature infants

Objective: To study the possibility of lower the nosocomial infection rate among the premature infants by prophylactic use of antibiotics. Methods: Retrospectively collect 409 premature infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of First Hospital of Jilin University between 1st January in 2009 and 31th December in 2011, who meet inclusion criteria. There were prohylactic group and nonprohylactic group randomly divided and compared the nosocomial infection rates of two groups. Results: The hospital infection rate of the prophylactic group was 62.9%, and the rate of the non-prophylactic group was 47.3%. There was a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). On the countrary, the prophylactic use of antibiotics could increase the incidence of the nosocomial infection. Conclusion: It does more harm than good that proghylactic use of antibiotics to prevent premature nosocomial infection.