Direct imaging of ultrafast lattice dynamics

被引：35

作者：

Brown, S. Brennan ^{[1
]}

Gleason, A. E. ^{[2
,3
]}

Galtier, E. ^{[4
]}

Higginbothams, A. ^{[5
]}

Arnold, B. ^{[4
]}

Fry, A. ^{[4
]}

Granados, E. ^{[4
]}

Hashim, A. ^{[6
]}

Schroer, C. G. ^{[7
,8
]}

Schropp, A. ^{[7
]}

Seiboth, F. ^{[4
,7
]}

Tavella, F. ^{[4
]}

Xing, Z. ^{[4
]}

Mao, W. ^{[3
,9
]}

Lee, H. J. ^{[4
]}

Nagler, B. ^{[4
]}

机构：

[1] Stanford Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Bldg 530,440 Escondido Mall, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[2] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Shock & Detonat Phys, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA

[3] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA

[4] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Linac Coherent Light Source, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA

[5] Univ York, York Plasma Inst, Dept Phys, Heslington YO10 5DD, England

[6] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[7] DESY, Photon Sci, Notkestr 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany

[8] Univ Hamburg, Dept Phys, Luruper Chaussee 149, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany

[9] Stanford Univ, Dept Geol Sci, 367 Panama St, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

来源：

SCIENCE ADVANCES | 2019年 / 5卷 / 03期

关键词：

PHASE-TRANSITION; SHOCK; SILICON; VISUALIZATION; REDUCTION; CRYSTAL;

D O I：

10.1126/sciadv.aau8044

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Under rapid high-temperature, high-pressure loading, lattices exhibit complex elastic-inelastic responses. The dynamics of these responses are challenging to measure experimentally because of high sample density and extremely small relevant spatial and temporal scales. Here, we use an x-ray free-electron laser providing simultaneous in situ direct imaging and x-ray diffraction to spatially resolve lattice dynamics of silicon under high-strain rate conditions. We present the first imaging of a new intermediate elastic feature modulating compression along the axis of applied stress, and we identify the structure, compression, and density behind each observed wave. The ultrafast probe x-rays enabled time-resolved characterization of the intermediate elastic feature, which is leveraged to constrain kinetic inhibition of the phase transformation between 2 and 4 ns. These results not only address long-standing questions about the response of silicon under extreme environments but also demonstrate the potential for ultrafast direct measurements to illuminate new lattice dynamics.

引用

页数：8

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