Abundant molecular oxygen in the coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

被引：240

作者：

Bieler, A. ^{[1
,2
]}

Altwegg, K. ^{[2
,3
]}

Balsiger, H. ^{[2
]}

Bar-Nun, A. ^{[4
]}

Berthelier, J. -J. ^{[5
]}

Bochsler, P. ^{[2
]}

Briois, C. ^{[6
]}

Calmonte, U. ^{[2
]}

Combi, M. ^{[1
]}

De Keyser, J. ^{[7
]}

van Dishoeck, E. F. ^{[8
]}

Fiethe, B. ^{[9
]}

Fuselier, S. A. ^{[10
]}

Gasc, S. ^{[2
]}

Gombosi, T. I. ^{[1
]}

Hansen, K. C. ^{[1
]}

Haessig, M. ^{[2
,10
]}

Jaeckel, A. ^{[2
]}

Kopp, E. ^{[2
]}

Korth, A. ^{[11
]}

Le Roy, L. ^{[3
]}

Mall, U. ^{[11
]}

Maggiolo, R. ^{[7
]}

Marty, B. ^{[12
]}

Mousis, O. ^{[13
]}

Owen, T. ^{[14
]}

Reme, H. ^{[15
,16
]}

Rubin, M. ^{[2
]}

Semon, T. ^{[2
]}

Tzou, C. -Y. ^{[2
]}

Waite, J. H. ^{[10
]}

Walsh, C. ^{[8
]}

Wurz, P. ^{[2
,3
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Michigan, Dept Climate & Space Sci & Engn, 2455 Hayward St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA

[2] Univ Bern, Inst Phys, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland

[3] Univ Bern, Ctr Space & Habitabil, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland

[4] Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Geosci, IL-6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel

[5] UPMC, UVSQ, CNRS, LATMOS,IPSL, F-94100 St Maur, France

[6] Univ Orleans, CNRS, UMR 6115, Lab Phys & Chim Environm & Espace LPC2E, F-45071 Orleans, France

[7] BIRA IASB, Belgian Inst Space Aeron, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium

[8] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands

[9] Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig, Inst Comp & Network Engn IDA, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany

[10] SW Res Inst, Space Sci & Engn Div, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA

[11] Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany

[12] Univ Lorraine, CNRS, CRPG, F-54501 Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France

[13] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LAM, UMR 7326, F-13388 Marseille, France

[14] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA

[15] Univ Toulouse, UPS, OMP, IRAP, F-31400 Toulouse, France

[16] CNRS, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France

来源：

NATURE | 2015年 / 526卷 / 7575期

基金：

瑞士国家科学基金会; 欧洲研究理事会;

关键词：

HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; RHO-OPHIUCHI; WATER ICE; O-2; SURFACE; CONSTRAINTS;

D O I：

10.1038/nature15707

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

The composition of the neutral gas comas of most comets is dominated by H2O, CO and CO2, typically comprising as much as 95 per cent of the total gas density(1). In addition, cometary comas have been found to contain a rich array of other molecules, including sulfuric compounds and complex hydrocarbons. Molecular oxygen (O-2), however, despite its detection on other icy bodies such as the moons of Jupiter and Saturn(2,3), has remained undetected in cometary comas. Here we report in situ measurement of O-2 in the coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, with local abundances ranging from one per cent to ten per cent relative to H2O and with a mean value of 3.80 +/- 0.85 per cent. Our observations indicate that the O-2/H2O ratio is isotropic in the coma and does not change systematically with heliocentric distance. This suggests that primordial O-2 was incorporated into the nucleus during the comet's formation, which is unexpected given the low upper limits from remote sensing observations'. Current Solar System formation models do not predict conditions that would allow this to occur.

引用

页码：678 / 681

页数：4

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