Hydrogen Sulfide as an Allosteric Modulator of ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels in Colonic Inflammation

The ATP-sensitive potassium channel (K-ATP) in mouse colonic smooth muscle cell is a complex containing a pore-forming subunit (Kir6.1) and a sulfonylurea receptor subunit (SUR2B). These channels contribute to the cellular excitability of smooth muscle cells and hence regulate the motility patterns in the colon. Whole-cell voltage-clamp techniques were used to study the alterations in K-ATP channels in smooth muscle cells in experimental colitis. Colonic inflammation was induced in BALB/C mice after intracolonic administration of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid. K-ATP currents were measured at a holding potential of -60 mV in high K+ external solution. The concentration response to levcromakalim (LEVC), a K-ATP channel opener, was significantly shifted to the left in the inflamed smooth-muscle cells. Both the potency and maximal currents induced by LEVC were enhanced in inflammation. The EC50 values in control were 6259 nM (n = 10) and 422 nM (n = 8) in inflamed colon, and the maximal currents were 9.9 +/- 0.71 pA/pF (60 mu M) in control and 39.7 +/- 8.8 pA/pF (3 mu M) after inflammation. As was seen with LEVC, the potency and efficacy of sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS) (10-1000 mu M) on K-ATP currents were significantly greater in inflamed colon compared with controls. In control cells, pretreatment with 100 mu M NaHS shifted the EC50 for LEV-induced currents from 2838 (n = 6) to 154 (n = 8) nM. Sulfhydration of sulfonylurea receptor 2B (SUR2B) was induced by NaHS and colonic inflammation. These data suggest that sulfhydration of SUR2B induces allosteric modulation of K-ATP currents in colonic inflammation.