The present study investigates the short-run dynamics among human capital, R&D and innovation and per capita income growth in the panel of EU countries for the period 2000-2017. One of the reasons that previous literature on cross-country found inconclusive or contrary results could be omitted variables, unobserved heterogeneity, and cross-sectional dependence that are not controlled for. This paper control for these problems using panel models that assume a common factor structure. The heterogeneous-effects dynamic model estimates of the elasticities of average years of schooling, R&D expenditures, and the number of patents are significantly positive at 0.39, 0.23, and 0.009, respectively.