Edge effects in the two-dimensional spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet

We use quantum Monte Carlo simulations to study effects of free edges in the two-dimensional spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet. We find that the magnetic response of an edge is smaller than the bulk susceptibility. This counterintuitive quantum effect can be traced to enhanced antiferromagnetic nearest-neighbor spin correlations, i.e., tendency to local singlet formation, at and close to the edge. These correlations form a comblike pattern, which can be reproduced with a simple variational valence-bond state. We also study rough edges and find that these instead significantly enhance the susceptibility due to local sublattice imbalance impeding singlet formation.