Neighborhoods and HIV A Social Ecological Approach to Prevention and Care

被引:112
作者
Latkin, Carl A. [1 ]
German, Danielle [1 ]
Vlahov, David [2 ]
Galea, Sandro [3 ]
机构
[1] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
[2] Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Nursing, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
[3] Columbia Univ, Dept Epidemiol, New York, NY 10027 USA
关键词
HIV; neighborhoods; prevention; injection drug users; men who have sex with men; INJECTION-DRUG-USERS; SYRINGE EXCHANGE PROGRAMS; ALCOHOL OUTLET DENSITY; SEXUAL RISK BEHAVIOR; LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; PUBLIC-HEALTH; BUILT ENVIRONMENT; MENTAL-HEALTH; SUBSTANCE USE;
D O I
10.1037/a0032704
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Neighborhood factors have been linked to HIV risk behaviors, HIV counseling and testing, and HIV medical care. However, the social-psychological mechanisms that connect neighborhood factors to HIV-related behaviors have not been fully determined. In this article we review the research on neighborhood factors and HIV-related behaviors, approaches to measuring neighborhoods, and mechanisms that may help to explain how the physical and social environment within neighborhoods may lead to HIV-related behaviors. We then discuss organizational, geographic, and social network approaches to intervening in neighborhoods to reduce HIV transmission and facilitate HIV medical care with the goal of reducing morbidity and mortality and increasing social and psychological well-being.
引用
收藏
页码:210 / 224
页数:15
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