Including of branch resistances in linear power transmission distribution factors for fast contingency analysis

This paper proposes an extension of the traditional DC-based power flow model for obtaining the linear power transmission distribution factors (PTDFs) that includes the influence of the branch resistances. The proposed model is adopted for the fast contingency analysis, including cases of injection changes, branch outages and their combination. Proposed formulation saves the efficiency of the DC-based model, such as linearity, fast matrix inversion by matrix inversion lemma for branch outages as well as fast block matrix inversion. This model is appropriate for subtransmission and transmission networks, where neglecting the branch resistances and other approximations introduced in DC-based power model is not acceptable. The proposed generalized linear PTDF-based model is successfully verified on the basis of the results for two examples: small (for educational purposes) test system and large-scale (for industry applicability purposes) test system of Continental Europe Synchronous Area (ex-UCTE) for characteristic contingencies (including the generation/load changes and branch outages). Copyright (c) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.