Liver transplantation in patients with portal vein thrombosis

Liver transplantation in patients with portal vein thrombosis Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a serious complication of end-stage liver disease, representing a challenge for the liver transplantation (LT) team. The aim of this study was to analyze the results of LT in patients with PVT. Methods: All adult patients who underwent a LT from a cadaveric donor between March 1994 and March 2010 were included. PVT was categorized using the classification of Yerdel and McMaster. Results: A total of 109 LT were performed in 105 patients. PVT was found in 13 cases (12.4%). In 6 of them (46.2%), thrombosis was found preoperatively by transplant routine work up. Pre-transplant systemic anticoagulation was indicated in 3 cases. At the time of surgery, only 10 patients had persistent PVT. Grade I, II, III and IV PVT was found on 2, 3, 4 and 1 patient respectively. In the 3 cases treated with systemic anticoagulation preoperatively, grade I (1 case) and grade II (2 cases) no thrombus was evident intraoperatively. Endovenectomy was performed in 7 cases; simple thrombectomy in one and a mesenteric vein graft was required in 2 cases. No thrombus recurrence was detected on postoperative follow-up. In-hospital mortality occurred in 2 cases with PTV grade III and IV due to medical complications. One-year patient and graft survival was 69% vs 79% in patients without PVT (p = 0,476). Conclusion: Liver transplant in patients with PVT thrombosis was not associated with a significant increased risk of mortality. Systemic anticoagulation seems to be warranted while waiting for liver transplantation.