Soil Nitrogen Dynamics in a River Floodplain Mosaic

被引:21
作者
Shrestha, J. [1 ,3 ]
Niklaus, P. A. [2 ]
Frossard, E. [3 ]
Samaritani, E. [4 ]
Huber, B. [1 ]
Barnard, R. L. [5 ]
Schleppi, P. [1 ]
Tockner, K. [6 ,7 ]
Luster, J. [1 ]
机构
[1] Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
[2] Univ Zurich, Inst Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
[3] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Agr Sci, CH-8315 Lindau, Switzerland
[4] Univ Neuchatel, Inst Biol, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland
[5] INRA, Dep Agroecol, F-21034 Dijon, France
[6] Free Univ Berlin, Leibniz Inst Freshwater Ecol & Inland Fisheries I, D-12587 Berlin, Germany
[7] Free Univ Berlin, Inst Biol, D-12587 Berlin, Germany
关键词
GROSS N MINERALIZATION; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; NUTRIENT DYNAMICS; SEASONAL TRENDS; NITRATE REMOVAL; POOL DILUTION; RIPARIAN ZONE; N2O EMISSION; DENITRIFICATION; NITRIFICATION;
D O I
10.2134/jeq2012.0059
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
In their natural state, river floodplains are heterogeneous and dynamic ecosystems that may retain and remove large quantities of nitrogen from surface waters. We compared the soil nitrogen dynamics in different types of habitat patches in a restored and a channelized section of a Thur River floodplain (northeast Switzerland). Our objective was to relate the spatiotemporal variability of selected nitrogen pools (ammonium, nitrate, microbial nitrogen), nitrogen transformations (mineralization, nitrification, denitrification), and gaseous nitrogen emission (N2O) to soil properties and hydrological processes. Our study showed that soil water content and carbon availability, which depend on sedimentation and inundation dynamics, were the key factors controlling nitrogen pools and processes. High nitrogen turnover rates were measured on gravel bars, characterized by both frequent inundation and high sediment deposition rates, as well as in low-lying alluvial forest patches with a fine-textured, nutrient-rich soil where anaerobic microsites probably facilitated coupled nitrification denitrification. In contrast, soils of the embankment in the channelized section had comparatively small inorganic nitrogen pools and low transformation rates, particularly those related to nitrate production. Environmental heterogeneity, characteristic of the restored section, favors nitrogen removal by creating sites of high sedimentation and denitrification. Of concern, however, are the locally high N2O efflux and the possibility that nitrate could leach from nitrification hotspots.
引用
收藏
页码:2033 / 2045
页数:13
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