The molecular language of membraneless organelles

被引：530

作者：

Gomes, Edward ^{[1
]}

Shorter, James ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA

来源：

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY | 2019年 / 294卷 / 18期

基金：

美国国家卫生研究院;

关键词：

subcellular organelle; organelle; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (Lou Gehrig disease); RNA binding protein; chaperone; Cajal body; disaggregase; liquid-liquid phase separation; nucleolus; stress granule; PRION-LIKE DOMAINS; AMYOTROPHIC-LATERAL-SCLEROSIS; LIQUID PHASE-SEPARATION; INTRINSICALLY DISORDERED PROTEINS; RNA-BINDING PROTEINS; NUCLEAR IMPORT RECEPTOR; LOW-COMPLEXITY DOMAINS; CELL-FREE FORMATION; N-TERMINAL DOMAIN; POLYMERASE-II;

D O I：

10.1074/jbc.TM118.001192

中图分类号：

Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];

学科分类号：

071010 ; 081704 ;

摘要：

Eukaryotic cells organize their intracellular components into organelles that can be membrane-bound or membraneless. A large number of membraneless organelles, including nucleoli, Cajal bodies, P-bodies, and stress granules, exist as liquid droplets within the cell and arise from the condensation of cellular material in a process termed liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). Beyond a mere organizational tool, concentrating cellular components into membraneless organelles tunes biochemical reactions and improves cellular fitness during stress. In this review, we provide an overview of the molecular underpinnings of the formation and regulation of these membraneless organelles. This molecular understanding explains emergent properties of these membraneless organelles and shines new light on neurodegenerative diseases, which may originate from disturbances in LLPS and membraneless organelles.

引用

页码：7115 / 7127

页数：13

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