Employment after beginning treatment for substance use disorders: The impact of race/ethnicity and client community of residence

被引：7

作者：

Acevedo, Andrea ^{[1
,2
]}

Miles, Jennifer ^{[2
]}

Garnick, Deborah W. ^{[2
]}

Panas, Lee ^{[2
]}

Ritter, Grant ^{[2
]}

Campbell, Kevin ^{[3
]}

Acevedo-Garcia, Dolores ^{[4
]}

机构：

[1] Tufts Univ, Dept Community Hlth, 574 Boston Ave,Suite 208, Medford, MA 02155 USA

[2] Brandeis Univ, Heller Sch Social Policy & Management, Inst Behav Hlth, Waltham, MA 02254 USA

[3] Washington State Dept Social & Hlth Serv, Behav Hlth Adm, Seattle, WA USA

[4] Brandeis Univ, Inst Child Youth & Family Policy, Heller Sch Social Policy & Management, Waltham, MA 02254 USA

来源：

JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT | 2018年 / 87卷

基金：

美国国家卫生研究院;

关键词：

Treatment outcomes; Employment; Disparities; Community; NEIGHBORHOOD SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; RACIAL DISPARITIES; ALCOHOL OUTCOMES; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH-CARE; UNEMPLOYMENT; DRUG; DISADVANTAGE; ABUSE; SEGREGATION;

D O I：

10.1016/j.jsat.2018.01.006

中图分类号：

B849 [应用心理学];

学科分类号：

040203 ;

摘要：

Employment is an important substance use treatment outcome, frequently used to assess individual progress during and after treatment. This study examined whether racial/ethnic disparities exist in employment after beginning treatment. It also examined the extent to which characteristics of clients' communities account for such disparities. Analyses are based on data that linked individual treatment information from Washington State's Behavioral Health Administration with employment data from the state's Employment Security Department. Analyses subsequently incorporated community-level data from the U.S. Census Bureau. The sample includes 10,636 adult clients (Whites, 68%; American Indians, 13%, Latinos, 10%; and Blacks, 8%) who had a new outpatient treatment admission to state-funded specialty treatment. Heckman models were used to test whether racial/ethnic disparities existed in the likelihood of post-admission employment, as well as employment duration and wages earned. Results indicated that there were no racial/ethnic disparities in the likelihood of employment in the year following treatment admission. However, compared to White clients, American Indian and Black clients had significantly shorter lengths of employment and Black clients had significantly lower wages. With few exceptions, residential community characteristics were associated with being employed after initiating treatment, but not with maintaining employment or with wages. After accounting for community-level variables, disparities in length of employment and earned wages persisted. These findings highlight the importance of considering the race/ethnicity of a client when examining post-treatment employment alongside community characteristics, and suggest that the effect of race/ethnicity and community characteristics on post-treatment employment may differ based on the stage of the employment process. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：31 / 41

页数：11

共 81 条

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