Metal accumulation and distribution in the organs of Typha latifolia L. (cattail) and their potential use in bioindication

The content of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb, Ni, Co and Cr in different organs of Typha latifolia L., from 14 sites selected within five small ponds near Olesno in southwest Poland, were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Three groups of metals, each with different accumulation pattern within the plant were distinguished in this study. Pb, Cu, Co and Zn were found to be the least mobile and shown the following accumulation scheme: roots > rhizomes > lower leave part > top leave part > stems. By contrast Mn, a metal which is easily transported in plants exhibited the following accumulation scheme: roots > top leave part > lower leave part > rhizomes > stems. Ni, Cr and Fe were accumulated by the cattail as follows: roots > rhizomes > top leave part > lower leave part > stems. A detectable concentration of Cd was found in the organs of the plant showing the following distribution pattern: roots > rhizomes > stems. The fact that T. latifolia had the highest proportion of all the metals studied in its roots suggests an existence of some kind of protection barrier preventing toxic compounds from permeating to rhizomes and aerial parts of the plant from its roots. T. latifolia can be used in bioindication of Mn, Zn, Cd, Pb, Ni, Cu and Co. (C) 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.