Utility of Estimated Pulse Wave Velocity for Tracking the Arterial Response to Prolonged Sitting

Background: Arterial stiffness, measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV), is a purported mechanism linking sedentary behavior to cardiovascular disease. This secondary analysis compared associations between measured carotid-femoral PWV (cfPWV) and carotid-radial (crPWV) responses to an acute bout of prolonged sitting with mathematically estimated cfPWV (ePWV). Methods: Overweight/obese adults with elevated blood pressure were enrolled (n = 25; 42 +/- 12 yrs; 64% males). Participants performed an 8 h simulated workday of mostly sitting. cfPWV and crPWV were measured while supine in the morning, midday, and afternoon. ePWV was calculated at the same timepoints using age and seated mean arterial pressure (MAP). Pearson correlation coefficients associated ePWV with cfPWV and crPWV. Generalized linear models separately examined the effects of time on cfPWV, crPWV, and ePWV. Results: ePWV significantly associated with cfPWV and crPWV (r = 0.69 and 0.55, respectively; p < 0.05) in the morning (baseline). cfPWV significantly increased over time (beta = 0.52 +/- 0.20 and 0.48 +/- 0.21 with and without MAP adjustment, respectively; p < 0.05). In contrast, ePWV and crPWV did not significantly increase overtime (beta = 0.14 +/- 0.09 and 0.25 +/- 0.23, respectively; p > 0.05). Conclusions: Our results suggest that, although ePWV is associated with cfPWV and crPWV at a fixed timepoint, ePWV responds differently to prolonged sitting and likely does not capture the same acute vascular responses.