Unraveling the mechanochemical synthesis and luminescence in MnII-based two-dimensional hybrid perovskite (C4H9NH3)2PbCl4

The mechanochemical route is a facile and fast way and has received much attention for developing versatile advanced functional materials. Herein, we reported a mechanochemical synthesis for incorporating divalent manganese ions (Mn-II) into a two-dimensional (2D) hybrid perovskite (C4H9NH3)(2)PbCl4. The mild external stimuli originating from the grinding at room temperature enabled the formation of Mn-II-doped 2D hybrid perovskites, and rapidly changed the luminescence characteristics. The photoluminescence analyses show that the violet and orange emissions are attributed to (C4H9NH3)(2)Pb1-xMnxCl4 band-edge emission and the T-1 ->(6)A(1) transition of Mn2+ resulting from an efficient energy transfer process, respectively. Site preference and distribution of the doped Mn2+ cations on the locations of Pb2+ were analyzed. The formation energy calculated by the density functional theory (DFT) indicates that the Mn2+ ions can rapidly enter the crystal lattice due to the unique 2D crystal structure of the hybrid perovskite. Such a case of mechanochemical synthesis for the 2D hybrid perovskite motivates many novel emerging materials and the related applications.