Potato virus Y (PVY) is one of the most important viruses affecting potato production worldwide. The virus has been extensively studied for several decades, yet considerable economic losses continue to be suffered by the potato industry around the world. PVY is transmitted by several species of aphids in a nonpersistent manner, making control with insecticides difficult. Additionally, the virus occurs as several distinct strains, each with their own biological, serological, and molecular characteristics. This wide diversity continues to be a challenge to researchers, growers, and processors wherever the crop is grown. Here I will examine the general characteristics of PVY and touch upon some of the major facets of this important and variable virus.