Risk evaluation using a novel hybrid method based on FMEA, extended MULTIMOORA, and AHP methods under fuzzy environment

Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) is one of the most important risk assessment tools which has been extensively used in different industries and organizations. In the conventional FMEA, sometimes the difference between some failure modes cannot be distinguished. In order to evaluate various failure modes more precisely, a novel fuzzy hybrid model for FMEA is proposed in this paper. In this method, fuzzy weighted risk priority number (FWRPN) is considered instead of RPN for each failure. The weights of the three factors and the weights of failure modes are computed by extended fuzzy AHP and fuzzy MULTIMOORA methods, respectively. The proposed fuzzy MULTIMOORA method calculates the weight of each failure based on three criteria of time, cost, and profit through fuzzy linguistic terms. After calculating FWRPN for each failure, corrective actions are performed for eliminating the identified failures or decreasing the effects of them. Then, corrected fuzzy weighted risk priority number (CFWRPN) is computed for each failure. Finally, the average of FWRPNs (AFWRPNs) with the average of CFWRPNs (ACFWRPNs) are compared to evaluate the effectiveness of corrective actions by a novel ranking fuzzy numbers method. In addition, the proposed ranking fuzzy number method is also used in both previously mentioned fuzzy multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods. Eventually, Kerman Steel Industries Factory is considered as a case study to demonstrate the applicability and benefits of the proposed fuzzy hybrid method. A sensitivity analysis is performed to validate the obtained results. Findings show that AFWRPNs decreased by 56% compared to ACFWRPNs.