Micromycetes on Spring Cereals Seeds in Organic Farming

The seed for organic farming is for most crops in short supplay. One common cause is the refusal seed parameters in the area of seed health, respectively the presence of pathogens. Our work was focused on verification of rate contamination of spring cereals grains witth microscopic fungi. We evaluated the number of isolated microscopic fungi, we focused primarily on the genera Fusarium, Alternaria and Penicillium. In the years 2010 - 2012 small plot field experiments were conducted at the three locations. The trials included spring cereals: wheat - varieties Kadrilj SW and Vinjet, barely - varieties Pribina and Xanadu, oat - varieties Vok and Neklan, naked oat - varieties Izak and Saul and emmer wheat, variety Rudico. We used the seed produced by conventional growing (konv), certified organic seed (cert), farmers, seed from more suitable conditions (FL) and farmers, seed from poorest growing conditions. Each variant had four repetitions, one repetition had 10 m(2). To find micromycetes present on/in harvested grains we used the method of isolation on artificial nutriet medium (potato dextrose agar - PDA). We have noted the influence of location, genus and variety of the cereals of grain on the population of micromycetes. We found no difference in the rate and composition of micromycetes between the conventional and certified organic seed, farmer,s seed was more contaminated by Fusarium species. There was no association between micromycobiota of seeds and grains contamination with microscopic fungi in the next growing season.