Statistics of single-electron signals in electron-multiplying charge-coupled devices

被引:19
作者
Plakhotnik, T [1 ]
Chennu, A
Zvyagin, AV
机构
[1] Univ Queensland, Sch Phys Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
[2] Univ Queensland, Sch Phys Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
[3] Univ Queensland, Sch Informat Technol & Elect Engn, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
关键词
charge coupled device (CCD); low-light level imaging; noise; photon counting; single-photon detection;
D O I
10.1109/TED.2006.870572
中图分类号
TM [电工技术]; TN [电子技术、通信技术];
学科分类号
0808 ; 0809 ;
摘要
Electron-multiplying charge coupled devices promise to revolutionize ultrasensitive optical imaging. The authors present a simple methodology allowing reliable measurement of camera characteristics and statistics of single-electron events, compare the measurements to a simple theoretical model, and report camera performance in a truly photon-counting regime that eliminates the excess noise related to fluctuations of the multiplication gain.
引用
收藏
页码:618 / 622
页数:5
相关论文
共 11 条
[1]  
Alkhazov G. D., 1970, Nuclear Instruments and Methods, V89, P155, DOI 10.1016/0029-554X(70)90818-9
[2]   L3CCD results in pure photon counting mode [J].
Daigle, O ;
Gach, JL ;
Guillaume, C ;
Carignan, C ;
Balard, P ;
Boissin, O .
OPTICAL AND INFRARED DETECTORS FOR ASTRONOMY, 2004, 5499 :219-227
[3]   Electron multiplying CCD technology: The new ICCD [J].
Denvir, DJ ;
Conroy, E .
LOW-LIGHT-LEVEL AND REAL-TIME IMAGING SYSTEMS, COMPONENTS, AND APPLICATIONS, 2003, 4796 :164-174
[4]   A THEORY OF MULTIPLICATION NOISE [J].
HOLLENHORST, JN .
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES, 1990, 37 (03) :781-788
[5]   Excess noise and other important characteristics of low light level imaging using charge multiplying CCDs [J].
Hynecek, J ;
Nishiwaki, T .
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES, 2003, 50 (01) :239-245
[6]  
Hynecek J, 2002, 6TH WORLD MULTICONFERENCE ON SYSTEMICS, CYBERNETICS AND INFORMATICS, VOL XIV, PROCEEDINGS, P7
[7]   The LLLCCD: Low Light Imaging without the need for an intensifier [J].
Jerram, P ;
Pool, P ;
Bell, R ;
Burt, D ;
Bowring, S ;
Spencer, S ;
Hazelwood, M ;
Moody, I ;
Catlett, N ;
Heyes, P .
SENSORS AND CAMERA SYSTEMS FOR SCIENTIFIC, INDUSTRIAL, AND DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY APPLICATIONS II, 2001, 4306 :178-186
[8]   EXPERIMENTAL-OBSERVATION OF AVALANCHE MULTIPLICATION IN CHARGE-COUPLED-DEVICES [J].
MADAN, SK ;
BHAUMIK, B ;
VASI, JM .
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES, 1983, 30 (06) :694-699
[9]   NOISE PROPERTIES AND TIME RESPONSE OF THE STAIRCASE AVALANCHE PHOTODIODE [J].
MATSUO, K ;
TEICH, MC ;
SALEH, BEA .
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES, 1985, 32 (12) :2615-2623
[10]   The noise performance of electron multiplying charge-coupled devices [J].
Robbins, MS ;
Hadwen, BJ .
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES, 2003, 50 (05) :1227-1232