Implantable doppler probe for free flaps monitoring in head and neck reconstructive surgery

Aim of the study. - The use of free flaps in head and neck reconstructive surgery requires postoperative monitoring, usually by conventional clinical tests. Nevertheless, clinical testing is not applicable to buried free flaps that are more frequently used in the head and neck area. The purpose of this study was to describe the use and to evaluate the implantable doppler system in this setting. Patients and method. - Among 162 patients who underwent free flap reconstruction in our department, between June 2008 and October 2012, 23 patients had postoperative monitoring using implantable doppler system. Probe placement, monitoring parameters and postoperative course was analyzed. Results. - Our series included 15 forearm free flaps, seven fibular flaps and one scapular flap. Indications for reconstruction were following the removal of a malignant tumor in 18 cases, a benign tumor in two cases and an osteoradionecrosis in three cases. Free flap monitoring by conventional clinical tests was not possible in 19 patients. Doppler signal was detected continuously during seven days in 82% of cases. A loss of signal was observed in three cases. Surgical exploration was required in one patient. Conclusion. - Implantable doppler for free flap monitoring is a safe, reliable and efficient technique and cost is reasonable. The use of implantable doppler system seems particularly useful in head and neck reconstruction for buried free flaps, which are not accessible to conventional clinical tests. (C) 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.