Soils of a Mediterranean hot spot of biodiversity and endemism (Sardinia, Tyrrhenian Islands) are inhabited by pan-European, invasive species of Hypocrea/Trichoderma

被引：60

作者：

Migheli, Quirico ^{[1
,2
]}

Balmas, Virgilio ^{[1
,2
]}

Komon-Zelazowska, Monika ^{[3
]}

Scherm, Barbara ^{[1
,2
]}

Fiori, Stefano ^{[1
,2
]}

Kopchinskiy, Alexey G. ^{[3
]}

Kubicek, Christian P. ^{[3
]}

Druzhinina, Irina S. ^{[3
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Sassari, Dept Plant Protect, Ctr Biotechnol Dev & Biodivers Res, I-07100 Sassari, Italy

[2] Univ Sassari, Unita Ric Ist Nazl Biostrutture & Biosistemi, I-07100 Sassari, Italy

[3] Vienna Univ Technol, Div Gene Technol & Appl Biochem, Inst Chem Engn, A-1060 Vienna, Austria

来源：

ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY | 2009年 / 11卷 / 01期

关键词：

PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE; TRICHODERMA; HYPOCREA; FOREST; DIVERSITY; DNA; COMMUNITIES; CONIDIA; NORTH; TREES;

D O I：

10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01736.x

中图分类号：

Q93 [微生物学];

学科分类号：

071005 ; 100705 ;

摘要：

We have used a Mediterranean hot spot of biodiversity (the Island of Sardinia) to investigate the impact of abiotic factors on the distribution of species of the common soil fungus Trichoderma. To this end, we isolated 482 strains of Hypocrea/Trichoderma from 15 soils comprising undisturbed and disturbed environments (forest, shrub lands and undisturbed or extensively grazed grass steppes respectively). Isolates were identified at the species level by the oligonucleotide BarCode for Hypocrea/Trichoderma (TrichOKEY), sequence similarity analysis (Tricho blast) and phylogenetic inferences. The majority of the isolates were positively identified as pan-European and/or pan-global Hypocrea/Trichoderma species from sections Trichoderma and Pachybasium, comprising H. lixii/T. harzianum, T. gamsii, T. spirale, T. velutinum, T. hamatum, H. koningii/T. koningii, H. virens/T. virens, T. tomentosum, H. semiorbis, H. viridescens/T. viridescens, H. atroviridis/T. atroviride, T. asperellum, H. koningiopsis/T. koningiopsis and Trichoderma sp. Vd2. Only one isolate represented a new, undescribed species belonging to the Harzianum-Catoptron Clade. Internal transcribed spacer sequence analysis revealed only one potentially endemic internal transcribed spacer 1 allele of T. hamatum. All other species exhibited genotypes that were already found in Eurasia or in other continents. Only few cases of correlation of species occurrence with abiotic factors were recorded. The data suggest a strong reduction of native Hypocrea/Trichoderma diversity, which was replaced by extensive invasion of species from Eurasia, Africa and the Pacific Basin.

引用

页码：35 / 46

页数：12

共 43 条

[1] Universal and rapid salt-extraction of high quality genomic DNA for PCR-based techniques [J].