Frequency-Domain Synthesis of Time-Modulated Arrays

We address the design of Time-Modulated Arrays (TMAs) excitations in the frequency domain. The design is based on the particular features of the spectrum of the periodic pulses which modulate the excitations: a discrete spectrum with impulses at multiples of the time-modulation frequency, and whose corresponding areas are 2 pi times the associated exponential Fourier series coefficients. In this view, a simplified design of ad-hoc pulses for beamforming purposes is proposed by applying the Fourier series coefficients properties to preprocess conventional rectangular pulses before they are applied to the antenna elements.