Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Considerations in Diagnosis and Management for the Inpatient Dermatologist

Purpose of Review Hospitalization of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients is frequent and most often due to disease flares and infection. Herein, we describe the clinical features and therapy for specific and nonspecific cutaneous manifestations of hospitalized lupus patients. Recent Findings New insights of the pathogenic mechanisms of SLE allow consideration of novel therapeutic targets and strategies. The precise role of these treatments for hospitalized SLE patients requires further study. Severe lupus-specific cutaneous eruptions important for the inpatient dermatologist include acute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (ACLE), toxic-epidermal necrosis (TEN)-like ACLE, Rowell syndrome (RS), and bullous systemic lupus erythematosus (BSLE). Neonatal lupus erythematosus (NLE) and several chronic cutaneous lupus eruptions are also important considerations. Vascular manifestations and angioedema are non-specific cutaneous presentations that may cause significant morbidity and mortality. Careful assessment by a dermatologist will assist in the diagnosis and management of hospitalized patients with SLE.