Recent Insight into SARS-CoV2 Immunopathology and Rationale for Potential Treatment and Preventive Strategies in COVID-19

被引:37
作者
Lega, Sara [1 ]
Naviglio, Samuele [1 ]
Volpi, Stefano [2 ,3 ]
Tommasini, Alberto [1 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Inst Maternal & Child Hlth IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, I-34137 Trieste, Italy
[2] IRCCS Ist Giannina Gaslini, Ctr Autoinflammatory Dis & Immunodeficiency, I-16147 Genoa, Italy
[3] Univ Genoa, I-16147 Genoa, Italy
[4] Univ Trieste, Dept Med Surg & Hlth Sci, I-34137 Trieste, Italy
关键词
coronavirus; Covid-19; SARS-CoV-2; immune response; T cell repertoire; cytokine storm; antiviral immunity; ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; T-CELL RESPONSES; MACROPHAGE ACTIVATION SYNDROME; SARS-CORONAVIRUS; DENDRITIC CELLS; CONVALESCENT PLASMA; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; INFLUENZA-VIRUS; SPIKE PROTEIN; BLOOD-GROUP;
D O I
10.3390/vaccines8020224
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
As the outbreak of the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection is spreading globally, great effort is being made to understand the disease pathogenesis and host factors that predispose to disease progression in an attempt to find a window of opportunity for intervention. In addition to the direct cytopathic effect of the virus, the host hyper-inflammatory response has emerged as a key factor in determining disease severity and mortality. Accumulating clinical observations raised hypotheses to explain why some patients develop more severe disease while others only manifest mild or no symptoms. So far, Covid-19 management remains mainly supportive. However, many researches are underway to clarify the role of antiviral and immunomodulating drugs in changing morbidity and mortality in patients who become severely ill. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and the host immune system and discusses recent findings on proposed pharmacologic treatments.
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