Trends in life expectancy by education in Norway 1961-2009

被引:45
作者
Steingrimsdottir, Olof Anna [1 ]
Naess, Oyvind [1 ,2 ]
Moe, Joakim Oliu [2 ]
Groholt, Else-Karin [1 ]
Thelle, Dag Steinar [3 ]
Strand, Bjorn Heine [1 ]
Baevre, Kare [1 ]
机构
[1] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, N-0403 Oslo, Norway
[2] Univ Oslo, Dept Hlth Management & Hlth Econ, Inst Hlth & Soc, Oslo, Norway
[3] Univ Oslo, Dept Biostat, Inst Basic Med Sci, Oslo, Norway
关键词
Trend; Life expectancy; Survival probability; Education; Inequalities; SOCIAL-CLASS; HEALTH-CARE; INEQUALITIES; MORTALITY; SMOKING; MEN;
D O I
10.1007/s10654-012-9663-0
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
Educational attainment and longevity are strongly related. Large population studies covering long periods to provide evidence of trends in educational inequalities regarding life expectancy are scarce though, especially prior to the 1980s. Our objective was to document changes in life expectancy by education in Norway in the period 1961-2009, and to determine whether the patterns differ between sexes. This is a register-based population study of all Norwegian residents over 34 years, with data from the National Central Population Registry and the National Education Database. For each calendar year during 1961-2009, death rates by 1 year age groups were calculated separately for each sex and three educational categories (primary, secondary and tertiary). Annual life tables were used to calculate life expectancy at age 35 (e(35)) and survival probability for the three age-intervals 35-44, 45-64, and 65-90. All education groups increased their e(35) over time, but inequalities in e(35) between tertiary and primary educational categories widened 5.3 years for men and 3.2 years for women during the study period. The probability for women with primary education to survive to age 64 did not improve from 1961 to 2009. The gain in life expectancy lagged about 10 years in lower compared to higher education groups which might suggest that improvements in life sustaining factors reach different segments of the population at different times. The widening of the gap seems to have partly tapered off over the last two decades, and the changes in life expectancy should be followed carefully in the future to document the development.
引用
收藏
页码:163 / 171
页数:9
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