The role of ultrasound examination in diagnosis of pelvic fistulas

Pelvic fistulas are usually caused by gynecological, obstetric procedures or inflammatory diseases. Their presence is usually diagnosed clinically, but imaging is also required to confirm the diagnosis, or help to decide on the final diag-nosis and further management. A wide range of examinations, such as intravenous urography, cystography, cystoscopy, barium enema, hysterosalpingography, fistulography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging could give important information. This is an article based on great experience of authors in the field of ultrasonography and pelvic floor reconstructive surgery, while literature review take place as well. Ultrasonography represents a valuable alternative, increasingly used in clinical practice, for the non-invasive diagnosis of fistulas. The aim of this work was to reveal the use of ultrasound in diagnosis of pelvic fistulas.