Urinary metabolite concentrations of organophosphorous pesticides, bisphenol A, and phthalates among pregnant women in Rotterdam, the Netherlands: The Generation R study

被引:264
作者
Ye, Xibiao [1 ]
Pierik, Frank H. [2 ,7 ]
Hauser, Russ [3 ]
Duty, Susan [4 ]
Angerer, Juergen [5 ]
Park, Melissa M. [1 ,6 ]
Burdorf, Alex [7 ]
Hofman, Albert [8 ]
Jaddoe, Vincent W. V. [8 ,9 ,10 ]
Mackenbach, Johan P. [7 ]
Steegers, Eric A. P. [11 ]
Tiemeier, Henning [12 ]
Longnecker, Matthew P. [1 ]
机构
[1] NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, DHHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA
[2] TNO Netherlands Org Appl Sci Res, Dept Environm & Hlth, NL-2600 AA Delft, Netherlands
[3] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[4] Simmons Coll, Sch Hlth Studies, Dept Nursing, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[5] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst & Outpatient Clin Occupat Social & Environm, D-8520 Erlangen, Germany
[6] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
[7] Univ Med Ctr Rotterdam, Erasmus MC, Dept Publ Hlth, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands
[8] Univ Med Ctr Rotterdam, Erasmus MC, Dept Epidemiol, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands
[9] Univ Med Ctr Rotterdam, Erasmus MC, Generat R Study Grp, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands
[10] Univ Med Ctr Rotterdam, Erasmus MC, Dept Pediat, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands
[11] Univ Med Ctr Rotterdam, Erasmus MC, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands
[12] Univ Med Ctr Rotterdam, Erasmus MC, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands
关键词
Organophosphorus (OP) pesticides; Bisphenol A (BPA); Phthalates; Prenatal exposure; Biological monitoring;
D O I
10.1016/j.envres.2008.07.014
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Concern about potential health impacts of low-level exposures to organ ophosphorus (OP) pesticides, bisphenol A (BPA), and phthalates among the general population is increasing. We measured levels of six dialkyl phosphate (DAP) metabolites of OP pesticides, a chlorpyrifos-specific metabolite (3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol, TCPy), BPA, and 14 phthalate metabolites in urine samples of 100 pregnant women from the Generation R study, the Netherlands. The unadjusted and creatinine-adjusted concentrations were reported, and compared to National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and other studies. In general, these metabolites were detectable in the urine of the women from the Generation R study and compared with other groups, they had relatively high-level exposures to OP pesticides and several phthalates but similar exposure to BPA. The median concentrations of total dimethyl (DM) metabolites was 264.0 nmol/g creatinine (Cr) and of total DAP was 316.0 nmol/g Cr. The median concentration of mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP) was 222.0 mu g/g Cr: the median concentrations of mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP) and mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) were above 50 mu g/g Cr. The median concentrations of the three secondary metabolites of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) were greater than 20 mu g/g Cr. The data indicate that the Generation R study population provides a wide distribution of selected environmental exposures. Reasons for the relatively high levels and possible health effects need investigation. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:260 / 267
页数:8
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