Bacterial polysaccharides suppress induced innate immunity by calcium chelation

被引:190
作者
Aslam, Shazia N. [1 ]
Newman, Mari-Anne [2 ]
Erbs, Gitte [2 ]
Morrissey, Kate L. [1 ]
Chinchilla, Delphine [3 ]
Boller, Thomas [3 ]
Jensen, Tina Tandrup [2 ]
De Castro, Cristina [4 ]
Ierano, Teresa [4 ]
Molinaro, Antonio [4 ]
Jackson, Robert W. [1 ]
Knight, Marc R.
Cooper, Richard M. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Bath, Dept Biol & Biochem, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England
[2] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Plant Biol & Biotechnol, Fac Life Sci, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
[3] Univ Basel, Inst Bot, Zurich Basel Plant Sci Ctr, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
[4] Univ Naples Federico 2, Complesso Univ Monte SantAngelo, Dipartimento Chim Organ & Biochim, I-80126 Naples, Italy
关键词
D O I
10.1016/j.cub.2008.06.061
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Bacterial pathogens and symbionts must suppress or negate host innate immunity. However, pathogens release conserved oligomeric and polymeric molecules or MAMPs (Microbial Associated Molecular Patterns), which elicit host defenses [1-3]. Extracellular polysaccharides (EPSs) are key virulence factors in plant and animal pathogenesis, but their precise function in establishing basic compatibility remains unclear [4-7]. Here, we show that EPSs suppress MAMP-induced signaling in plants through their polyanionic nature [4] and consequent ability to chelate divalent calcium ions [8]. In plants, Ca2+ ion influx to the cytosol from the apoplast (where bacteria multiply [4, 5, 9]) is a prerequisite for activation of myriad defenses by MAMPs [10]. We show that EPSs from diverse plant and animal pathogens and symbionts bind calcium. EPS-defective mutants or pure MAMPs, such as the flagellin peptide flg22, elicit calcium influx, expression of host defense genes, and downstream resistance. Furthermore, EPSs, produced by wild-type strains or purified, suppress induced responses but do not block fIg22-receptor binding in Arabidopsis cells. EPS production was confirmed in planta, and the amounts in bacterial biofilms greatly exceed those required for binding of apoplastic calcium. These data reveal a novel, fundamental role for bacterial EPS in disease establishment, encouraging novel control strategies.
引用
收藏
页码:1078 / 1083
页数:6
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