Centrifuge-induced hypergravity:: [3H]GABA and L-[ 14C]glutamate uptake, exocytosis and efflux mediated by high-affinity, sodium-dependent transporters

被引:35
作者
Borisova, TA [1 ]
Himmelreich, NH [1 ]
机构
[1] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, AV Palladin Biochem Inst, Dept Neurochem, UA-01601 Kiev, Ukraine
来源
SPACE LIFE SCIENCES: GRAVITY-RELATED EFFECTS ON PLANTS AND SPACEFLIGHT AND MAN-MADE ENVIRONMENTS ON BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS | 2005年 / 36卷 / 07期
关键词
centrifuge-induced hypergravity; GABA; glutamate uptake and release; rat brain synaptosomes;
D O I
10.1016/j.asr.2005.10.007
中图分类号
V [航空、航天];
学科分类号
08 ; 0825 ;
摘要
The effects of centrifuge-induced hypergravity oil the presynaptic events have been investigated in order to provide further insight into regulation of glutamate and GABA neurotransmission and correlation between excitatory and inhibitory responses under artificial gravity conditions. Exposure of animals to hypergravity (centrifugation of rats at 10 G for 1 h) has been found to cause changes in the synaptic processes of brain, in particular neurotransmitter release and uptake in rat brain synaptosomes. Hypergravity loading resulted in more than two-fold enhancement of GABA transporter activity (V-max increased from 1.4 +/- 0.3 nmol/min/mg of protein in the control group to 3.3 +/- 0.59 nmol/min/mg of protein for the animals exposed to hypergravity (P <= 0.05)). The maximal velocity of L-[C-14]glutamate uptake decreased front 12.5 +/- 3.2 to 5.6 +/- 0.9 nmol/min/mg of protein under artificial gravity conditions. Depolarization-evoked exocytotic release of the neurotransmitters has also changed in response to hypergravity. It increased for GABA (7.2 +/- 0.54% and 11.74 +/- 1.2% of total accumulated label for control and hypergravity, respectively (P <= 0.05)), but reduced for glutamate (14.4 +/- 0.7% and 6.2 +/- 1.9%, for control and hypergravity, respectively). Thus, comparative analysis of the neurotransmitter uptake and release has demonstrated that short-term centrifuge-induced 10 G hypergravity loading intensified inhibitory and attenuated excitatory processes in nerve terminals. The activation or reduction of neurotransmitter uptake appeared to be coupled with similarly directed alterations of the neurotransmitter release. (c) 2005 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:1340 / 1345
页数:6
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