Direct numerical simulation of collective bubble behavior

The present paper studied the nonlinear collective bubble behavior using direct numerical simulation (DNS) coupled with front tracking method. The bubbles inside cloud are deformable according to surrounding environment. The effects of viscosity and bubble-bubble interaction have been considered in the simulations. Response of bubble cloud with large void fraction (1%-25%) to continuous pressure wave with finite amplitudes has been simulated. A collective bubble behavior and associated pressure oscillation have been revealed from the simulations. Strong shape oscillations including jet formations of bubbles have also been observed when a strong pressure wave is passing through the bubble cloud.