Raspberry ketone protects against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats

Aim: The cardioprotective role of raspberry ketone (RK) against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial infarction (MI) in rats was assessed. Materials and methods: Rats were randomly divided into Group I - Vehicle control; Group II - Toxic control ISO (85 mg/kg, s.c.); Group III, IV and V - RK (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, respectively) with ISO; Group VI-RK (200 mg/kg) alone; Group VII - Propranolol (10 mg/kg) with ISO; and Group VIII -Propranolol (10 mg/kg) alone. After twenty-four hours of the last dose, animals were sacrificed and creatine kinase-MB, lactate dehydrogenase, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density-lipoprotein, low-density-lipoprotein, very-low-densitylipoprotein, malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, Na+, K+-ATPase, nitric oxide, histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis (tumor necrosis factor-a and inducible nitric oxide synthase) were performed. Key findings: Treatment with ISO significantly deviated the biochemical parameters from the normal levels, which were considerably restored by RK at 100 and 200 mg/kg doses. 50 mg/kg dose, however, did not demonstrate any significant cardioprotective action. The histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis further substantiated these findings.