Calibration of AGILE-GRID with in-flight data and Monte Carlo simulations

被引：13

作者：

Chen, A. W. ^{[1
,13
]}

Argan, A. ^{[2
]}

Bulgarelli, A. ^{[3
]}

Cattaneo, P. W. ^{[4
]}

Contessi, T. ^{[1
]}

Giuliani, A. ^{[1
]}

Pittori, C. ^{[5
,6
]}

Pucella, G. ^{[7
]}

Tavani, M. ^{[2
,8
,9
]}

Trois, A. ^{[10
]}

Verrecchia, F. ^{[5
,6
]}

Barbiellini, G. ^{[9
,11
,12
]}

Caraveo, P. ^{[1
]}

Colafrancesco, S. ^{[6
,13
]}

Costa, E. ^{[2
]}

De Paris, G. ^{[2
]}

DelMonte, E. ^{[2
]}

Di Cocco, G. ^{[3
]}

Donnarumma, I. ^{[2
]}

Evangelista, Y. ^{[2
]}

Ferrari, A. ^{[9
,14
]}

Feroci, M. ^{[2
]}

Fioretti, V. ^{[3
]}

Fiorini, M. ^{[1
]}

Fuschino, F. ^{[3
]}

Galli, M. ^{[15
]}

Gianotti, F. ^{[3
]}

Giommi, P. ^{[5
,19
]}

Giusti, M. ^{[2
]}

Labanti, C. ^{[3
]}

Lapshov, I. ^{[2
]}

Lazzarotto, F. ^{[2
]}

Lipari, P. ^{[16
]}

Longo, F. ^{[11
,12
]}

Lucarelli, F. ^{[5
,6
]}

Marisaldi, M. ^{[3
]}

Mereghetti, S. ^{[1
]}

Morelli, E. ^{[3
]}

Moretti, E. ^{[22
,23
]}

Morselli, A. ^{[17
]}

Pacciani, L. ^{[2
]}

Pellizzoni, A. ^{[10
]}

Perotti, F. ^{[1
]}

Piano, G. ^{[2
,9
,17
]}

Picozza, P. ^{[8
,17
]}

Pilia, M. ^{[10
,21
]}

Prest, M. ^{[18
]}

Rapisarda, M. ^{[7
]}

Rappoldi, A. ^{[4
]}

Rubini, A. ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] INAF IASF Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy

[2] INAF IAPS, I-00133 Rome, Italy

[3] INAF IASF Bologna, I-40129 Bologna, Italy

[4] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy

[5] ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati Roma, Italy

[6] INAF OAR, I-00040 Rome, Italy

[7] ENEA Frascati, I-00044 Rome, Italy

[8] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dip Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy

[9] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy

[10] INAF OAC, I-09012 Capoterra, CA, Italy

[11] Univ Trieste, Dip Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy

[12] INFN Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy

[13] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa

[14] Univ Turin, Dip Fis, I-10125 Turin, Italy

[15] ENEA Bologna, I-40129 Bologna, Italy

[16] INFN Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Rome, Italy

[17] INFN Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy

[18] Univ Insubria, Dip Fis, I-22100 Como, Italy

[19] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, I-00198 Rome, Italy

[20] INAF IASF Palermo, I-90146 Palermo, Italy

[21] ASTRON, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands

[22] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Stockholm, Sweden

[23] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, Stockholm, Sweden

来源：

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS | 2013年 / 558卷

关键词：

instrumentation: detectors; methods: data analysis; techniques: image processing; telescopes; gamma rays: general; IMAGING DETECTOR PERFORMANCE; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; GAMMA-RAY SOURCES; SILICON TRACKER; CRAB-NEBULA; SPACE; INSTRUMENT; SATELLITE; MISSION; CATALOG;

D O I：

10.1051/0004-6361/201321767

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

Context. AGILE is a gamma-ray astrophysics mission which has been in orbit since 23 April 2007 and continues to operate reliably. The.-ray detector, AGILE-GRID, has observed Galactic and extragalactic sources, many of which were collected in the first AGILE Catalog. Aims. We present the calibration of the AGILE-GRID using in-flight data and Monte Carlo simulations, producing instrument response functions (IRFs) for the effective area (Aeff), energy dispersion probability (EDP), and point spread function (PSF), each as a function of incident direction in instrument coordinates and energy. Methods. We performed Monte Carlo simulations at different gamma-ray energies and incident angles, including background rejection filters and Kalman filter-based gamma-ray reconstruction. Long integrations of in-flight observations of the Vela, Crab and Geminga sources in broad and narrow energy bands were used to validate and improve the accuracy of the instrument response functions. Results. The weighted average PSFs as a function of spectra correspond well to the data for all sources and energy bands. Conclusions. Changes in the interpolation of the PSF fromMonte Carlo data and in the procedure for construction of the energy-weighted effective areas have improved the correspondence between predicted and observed fluxes and spectra of celestial calibration sources, reducing false positives and obviating the need for post-hoc energy-dependent scaling factors. The new IRFs have been publicly available from the AGILE Science Data Center since November 25, 2011, while the changes in the analysis software will be distributed in an upcoming release.

引用

页数：11

共 25 条

[1] Gamma-Ray Flares from the Crab Nebula
Abdo, A. A.
Ackermann, M.
Ajello, M.
Allafort, A.
Baldini, L.
Ballet, J.
Barbiellini, G.
Bastieri, D.
Bechtol, K.
Bellazzini, R.
Berenji, B.
Blandford, R. D.
Bloom, E. D.
Bonamente, E.
Borgland, A. W.
Bouvier, A.
Brandt, T. J.
Bregeon, J.
Brez, A.
Brigida, M.
Bruel, P.
Buehler, R.
Buson, S.
Caliandro, G. A.
Cameron, R. A.
Cannon, A.
Caraveo, P. A.
Casandjian, J. M.
Celik, O.
Charles, E.
Chekhtman, A.
Cheung, C. C.
Chiang, J.
Ciprini, S.
Claus, R.
Cohen-Tanugi, J.
Costamante, L.
Cutini, S.
D'Ammando, F.
Dermer, C. D.
de Angelis, A.
de Luca, A.
de Palma, F.
Digel, S. W.
do Couto e Silva, E.
Drell, P. S.
Drlica-Wagner, A.
Dubois, R.
Dumora, D.
Favuzzi, C.
[J]. SCIENCE, 2011, 331 (6018) : 739 - 742
[2] FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE FIRST SOURCE CATALOG
Abdo, A. A.
Ackermann, M.
Ajello, M.
Allafort, A.
Antolini, E.
Atwood, W. B.
Axelsson, M.
Baldini, L.
Ballet, J.
Barbiellini, G.
Bastieri, D.
Baughman, B. M.
Bechtol, K.
Bellazzini, R.
Belli, F.
Berenji, B.
Bisello, D.
Blandford, R. D.
Bloom, E. D.
Bonamente, E.
Bonnell, J.
Borgland, A. W.
Bouvier, A.
Bregeon, J.
Brez, A.
Brigida, M.
Bruel, P.
Burnett, T. H.
Busetto, G.
Buson, S.
Caliandro, G. A.
Cameron, R. A.
Campana, R.
Canadas, B.
Caraveo, P. A.
Carrigan, S.
Casandjian, J. M.
Cavazzuti, E.
Ceccanti, M.
Cecchi, C.
Celik, Oe.
Charles, E.
Chekhtman, A.
Cheung, C. C.
Chiang, J.
Cillis, A. N.
Ciprini, S.
Claus, R.
Cohen-Tanugi, J.
Conrad, J.
[J]. ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, 2010, 188 (02) : 405 - 436
[3] THE FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE ON ORBIT: EVENT CLASSIFICATION, INSTRUMENT RESPONSE FUNCTIONS, AND CALIBRATION
Ackermann, M.
Ajello, M.
Albert, A.
Allafort, A.
Atwood, W. B.
Axelsson, M.
Baldini, L.
Ballet, J.
Barbiellini, G.
Bastieri, D.
Bechtol, K.
Bellazzini, R.
Bissaldi, E.
Blandford, R. D.
Bloom, E. D.
Bogart, J. R.
Bonamente, E.
Borgland, A. W.
Bottacini, E.
Bouvier, A.
Brandt, T. J.
Bregeon, J.
Brigida, M.
Bruel, P.
Buehler, R.
Burnett, T. H.
Buson, S.
Caliandro, G. A.
Cameron, R. A.
Caraveo, P. A.
Casandjian, J. M.
Cavazzuti, E.
Cecchi, C.
Celik, O.
Charles, E.
Chaves, R. C. G.
Chekhtman, A.
Cheung, C. C.
Chiang, J.
Ciprini, S.
Claus, R.
Cohen-Tanugi, J.
Conrad, J.
Corbet, R.
Cutini, S.
D'Ammando, F.
Davis, D. S.
de Angelis, A.
DeKlotz, M.
de Palma, F.
[J]. ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, 2012, 203 (01)
[4] Argan A., 2008, NUCL SCI S 2008 NSS, P774
[5] CLARIFICATION OF THE USE OF CHI-SQUARE AND LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS IN FITS TO HISTOGRAMS
BAKER, S
COUSINS, RD
[J]. NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT, 1984, 221 (02) : 437 - 442
[6] The AGILE silicon tracker: testbeam results of the prototype silicon detector
Barbiellini, G
Fedel, G
Liello, F
Longo, F
Pontoni, C
Prest, M
Tavani, M
Vallazza, E
[J]. NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT, 2002, 490 (1-2) : 146 - 158
[7] Evaluating the maximum likelihood method for detecting short-term variability of AGILE γ-ray sources
Bulgarelli, A.
Chen, A. W.
Tavani, M.
Gianotti, F.
Trifoglio, M.
Contessi, T.
[J]. ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 2012, 540
[8] The AGILE silicon tracker: Pre-launch and in-flight configuration
Bulgarelli, A.
Argan, A.
Barbiellini, G.
Basset, M.
Chen, A.
Di Cocco, G.
Foggetta, L.
Gianotti, F.
Giuliani, A.
Longo, F.
Mereghetti, S.
Monzani, F.
Nicolini, L.
Pavesi, R.
Pellizzoni, A.
Pontoni, C.
Prest, M.
Pucella, G.
Tavani, M.
Trifoglio, M.
Trois, A.
Vallazza, E.
Vercellone, S.
[J]. NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT, 2010, 614 (02) : 213 - 226
[9] Characterization of a tagged γ-ray beam line at the DAΦNE Beam Test Facility
Cattaneo, P. W.
Argan, A.
Boffelli, F.
Bulgarelli, A.
Buonomo, B.
Chen, A. W.
D'Ammando, F.
Foggetta, L.
Froysland, T.
Fuschino, F.
Galli, M.
Gianotti, F.
Giuliani, A.
Longo, F.
Marisaldi, M.
Mazzitelli, G.
Pellizzoni, A.
Prest, M.
Pucella, G.
Quintieri, L.
Rappoldi, A.
Tavani, M.
Trifoglio, M.
Trois, A.
Valente, P.
Vallazza, E.
Vercellone, S.
Zambra, A.
Barbiellini, G.
Caraveo, P.
Cocco, V.
Costa, E.
De Paris, G.
Del Monte, E.
Di Cocco, G.
Donnarumma, I.
Evangelista, Y.
Feroci, M.
Ferrari, A.
Fiorini, M.
Labanti, C.
Lapshov, I.
Lazzarotto, F.
Lipari, P.
Mastropietro, M.
Mereghetti, S.
Morelli, E.
Moretti, E.
Morselli, A.
Pacciani, L.
[J]. NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT, 2012, 674 : 55 - 66
[10] First results about on-ground calibration of the silicon tracker for the AGILE satellite
Cattaneo, P. W.
Argan, A.
Boffelli, F.
Bulgarelli, A.
Buonomo, B.
Chen, A. W.
D'Ammando, F.
Froysland, T.
Fuschino, F.
Galli, M.
Gianotti, F.
Giuliani, A.
Longo, F.
Marisaldi, M.
Mazzitelli, G.
Pellizzoni, A.
Prest, M.
Pucella, G.
Quintieri, L.
Rappoldi, A.
Tavani, M.
Trifoglio, M.
Trois, A.
Valente, P.
Vallazza, E.
Vercellone, S.
Zambra, A.
Barbiellini, G.
Caraveo, P.
Cocco, V.
Costa, E.
De Paris, G.
Del Monte, E.
Di Cocco, G.
Donnarumma, I.
Evangelista, Y.
Feroci, M.
Ferrari, A.
Fiorini, M.
Labanti, C.
Lapshov, I.
Lazzarotto, F.
Lipari, P.
Mastropietro, M.
Mereghetti, S.
Morelli, E.
Moretti, E.
Morselli, A.
Pacciani, L.
Perotti, F.
[J]. NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT, 2011, 630 (01) : 251 - 257

← 1 2 3 →