Peaks of solar cycles affect the gender ratio

In this study, we report that the gender ratio (GR) at death [where GR = (N-males/N-males + N-females)] of those born (and likely conceived) in solar cycle peaks (about a 3-year period occurring on average every similar to 11 years), is inversely related to mean mateage at death; e.g., the higher the GR(at death) the lower the mean lifespan, while the GR(at) (death) of those born in non-peak years has no relation to mean mate lifespan. Although changes in the GR are small and may be of little clinical significance, the GR is a sensitive indicator of environmental effects, and therefore is pertinent to epigenetics. This paper supports the hypothesis that solar radiation, probably in the ultraviolet spectrum, by some manner interacts with chromosomal DNA (genes) and produces the genetic variety that not only fosters adaptation, but also produces the diseases that reduce lifespan. This paper also proposes that sunlight is more effective in modifying genomes at the time of conception than later in gestation or infancy. Referring to the work of others, this study also reveals that geographic latitude also affects the GR, suggesting that the variation in light is probably as important as the intensity of light in modifying genomes. This study finds that men sustain more genetic variation, producing 28% more disease than women, as well as a 2% decrease in GR from birth to death, and a shorter life (in Maine) by 7 years. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.