The structure, excitation and emission spectra of photoluminescence of gamma -Bi2WO6:Pr3+ prepared by solid state reaction were studied, the diffusion reflection spectrum of gamma -Bi2WO6 Was recorded. The density D-x =9.53 g/cm(3) and crystal parameters a = 5.45 Angstrom, b = 16.42 Angstrom, and c = 5.43 Angstrom of gamma -Bi2WO6:Pr3+ were measured. The main peaks of its photoluminescence spectrum are 600, 608 and 611, 629nm, which are from D-1(2) --> H-3(4), Po-3 --> H-3(6), Po-3 --> H-3(6) and Po-3 --> F-3(2) transitions of Pr3+, respectively. The excitation spectrum of gamma -Bi2WO6:Pr3+ consists of the main excitation band with maximum 372nm and 450nm peak. The diffusion reflection spectrum indicates that there has strong absorption in the range of 225 similar to 430nm, at the same time, the main excitation bands of excitation spectra of gamma -Bi2WO6:Pr3+ and gamma -Bi2WO6 are similar, which indicates that the main excitation band of gamma -Bi2WO6:Pr3+ is from the host possibly due to the transition absorption of band-to-band, charge transfer transition of W-O and defect level transitions. The 450nm peak is from characteristic absorption H-3(4) --> P-3(2) of Pr3+. The favorite dosage of Pr3+ in BWO:Pr3+ is about 0.8mol%.