Stormwater impact in Guanabara Bay (Rio de Janeiro): Evidences of seasonal variability in the dynamic of the sediment heavy metals

被引:37
作者
Fonseca, E. M. [1 ]
Baptista Neto, J. A. [1 ]
Silva, C. G. [1 ]
McAlister, J. J. [2 ]
Smith, B. J. [2 ]
Fernandez, M. A. [3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Fed Fluminense, Dept Geol LAGEMAR, BR-24210346 Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
[2] Queens Univ, Sch Geog, Belfast BT7 1N, Antrim, North Ireland
[3] Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Dept Oceanog, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
关键词
heavy metal speciation; Guanabara Bay; seasonal variability; ACID-VOLATILE SULFIDE; SEQUENTIAL EXTRACTION; SURFACE SEDIMENTS; INTERTIDAL SEDIMENTS; OXIC SEDIMENTS; WATER-QUALITY; SPECIATION; ESTUARY; BIOAVAILABILITY; CADMIUM;
D O I
10.1016/j.ecss.2013.04.022
中图分类号
Q17 [水生生物学];
学科分类号
071004 ;
摘要
Guanabara Bay is one of the most prominent coastal bays in Brazil. This environment is an estuary of 91 rivers and channels, surrounded by the metropolis of Rio de Janeiro. The bay receives considerable amounts of contaminants introduced from sewage effluents, industrial discharge, urban and agricultural runoff, atmospheric fallout, and the combined inputs from the rivers, making Guanabara Bay one of the most polluted coastal environments on the Brazilian coastline. The aim of this work is to study the concentration and fractionation of the heavy metals within the sediments of the bay. In order to understand the possible seasonal influence on the heavy metal fractionation, two campaigns were carried out in two different seasons of the year (rainy and dry). Twelve stations, in four different areas, with different oceanographic characteristics, where chosen. To assess the bioavailability of the metals a selective extraction procedure was used to study the geochemical fractionation and bioavailability of Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni and Pb. The rainy season was very important with respect to variation in the total concentrations of Cr, Ni and Pb and their fractionation within different "operational" phases present in Guanabara Bay sediments. The water-soluble phase showed little importance, with respect to metal adsorption and this would suggest very low mobility of metals in the water column. Nevertheless, the potentially available metals within these sediments showed a high probability for their release and therefore cause contamination of the water column, since different parts of the bay are constantly subjected to dredging projects promoted by the harbor authorities. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:161 / 168
页数:8
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