This study aims to examine the validity of inverted U-shaped Environmental Kuznets Curve by investigating the relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution for the period from 1966 to 2013 in the USA. Previous studies based on the assumption of parameter stability and obtained parameters do not change over the full sample. This study uses bootstrap rolling window estimation method to detect the possible changes in causal relations and also obtain the parameters for sub-sample periods. The results show that the parameter of economic growth has increasing trend in 1982-1996 sub-sample periods, and it has decreasing trend in 1996-2013 sub-sample periods. Therefore, the existence of inverted U-shaped Environmental Kuznets Curve is confirmed in the USA.
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Cyprus Int Univ Nicosia, Fac Econ & Adm Sci, Via Mersin 10, Nicosia, North Cyprus, TurkeyUniv Ghana, Business Sch, Dept Operat & Management Informat Syst, Accra, Ghana
Gyamfi, Bright Akwasi
Bekun, Festus Victor
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Istanbul Gelisim Univ, Fac Econ Adm & Social Sci, Istanbul, Turkey
Lebanese Amer Univ, Adnan Kassar Sch Business, Dept Econ, Beirut, Lebanon
Super Univ Lahore, Fac Econ & Commerce, Lahore, PakistanUniv Ghana, Business Sch, Dept Operat & Management Informat Syst, Accra, Ghana
Bekun, Festus Victor
Ozturk, Ilhan
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Nisantasi Univ, Fac Econ Adm & Social Sci, Istanbul, Turkey
China Med Univ, China Med Univ Hosp, Dept Med Res, Taichung, TaiwanUniv Ghana, Business Sch, Dept Operat & Management Informat Syst, Accra, Ghana
Ozturk, Ilhan
Taha, Amjad
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Eastern Mediterranean Univ, Banking & Finance Dept, Via Mersin 10, TR-99628 Famagusta, North Cyprus, TurkeyUniv Ghana, Business Sch, Dept Operat & Management Informat Syst, Accra, Ghana
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Beijing Inst Technol, Ctr Energy & Environm Policy Res, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China
Beijing Inst Technol, Sch Management & Econ, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China
Sustainable Dev Res Inst Econ & Soc Beijing, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China
Collaborat Innovat Ctr Elect Vehicles Beijing, Beijing 100081, Peoples R ChinaBeijing Inst Technol, Ctr Energy & Environm Policy Res, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China
Hao, Yu
Liu, Yiming
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Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Bldg Sch Design & Environm, 4 Architecture Dr, S-117566 Singapore, SingaporeBeijing Inst Technol, Ctr Energy & Environm Policy Res, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China
Liu, Yiming
Weng, Jia-Hsi
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Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Inst China & Asia Pacific Studies, Kaohsiung 804, TaiwanBeijing Inst Technol, Ctr Energy & Environm Policy Res, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China
Weng, Jia-Hsi
Gao, Yixuan
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Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, 56 Coll Rd, Durham, NH 03824 USABeijing Inst Technol, Ctr Energy & Environm Policy Res, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China