Evidences for a progressive microglial activation and increase in iNOS expression in rats submitted to a neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia: Reversal by clozapine

被引：101

作者：

Machado Ribeiro, Bruna Mara ^{[1
]}

Santos do Carmo, Marta Regina ^{[2
]}

Freire, Rosemayre Souza ^{[3
]}

Moura Rocha, Nayrton Flavio ^{[1
]}

Moreira Borella, Vladia Celia ^{[1
]}

de Menezes, Antonio Teles ^{[1
]}

Monte, Aline Santos ^{[1
]}

Lima Gomes, Patricia Xavier ^{[1
]}

Florenco de Sousa, Francisca Clea ^{[1
]}

Vale, Mariana Lima ^{[3
]}

de Lucena, David Freitas ^{[1
]}

Gama, Clarissa Severino ^{[4
]}

Macedo, Danielle ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Fed Ceara, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Neuropharmacol Lab, BR-60431270 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil

[2] Univ Fed Ceara, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Lab Neurosci & Behav, BR-60431270 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil

[3] Univ Fed Ceara, Fac Med, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Lab Inflammat & Canc Pharmacol, BR-60431270 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil

[4] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, HCPA, INCT Translat Med, Lab Mol Psychiat, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

来源：

SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH | 2013年 / 151卷 / 1-3期

关键词：

Schizophrenia; PolyI:C; Neonate; Neuroinflammation; Neuroprogression; Clozapine; PREPULSE INHIBITION; NITRIC-OXIDE; BRAIN-DEVELOPMENT; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ANIMAL-MODEL; DOUBLE-BLIND; STARTLE; INTERLEUKIN-10; HYPOTHESIS; CYTOKINES;

D O I：

10.1016/j.schres.2013.10.040

中图分类号：

R749 [精神病学];

学科分类号：

100205 ;

摘要：

Schizophrenia was proposed as a progressive neurodevelopmental disorder. In this regard herein we attempted to determine progressive inflammatory and oxidative alterations induced by a neonatal immune challenge and its possible reversal by clozapine administration. For this end, Wistar rats at postnatal clay (PN) 5-7 were administered the viral mimetic polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidilic acid (polyI:C) or saline. A distinct group of animals additionally received the antipsychotic drug clozapine (25 mg/kg) from PN60 to 74. At PN35 (periadolescence), 60 (adult) and 74 (adulthood) the animals were submitted to behavioral determinations of prepulse inhibition of the startle (PPI) and Y maze task for working memory evaluation At PN35 and 74 the animals were sacrificed and the hippocampus (HC), prefrontal cortex (PFC) and striatum (ST) immunostained for Iba-1, a microglial marker, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). At PN74 oxidative stress parameters, such as, reduced glutathione levels (GSH) and lipid peroxidation were determined. The results showed a progressive increase of microglial activation and iNOS immunostaining from PN35 to PN74 mainly in the CA2 and CA3 regions of the HC and in the ST. At PN74 neonatal challenge also induced an oxidative imbalance. These inflammatory alterations were accompanied by deficits in PPI and working memory only in adult life that were reversed by clozapine. Clozapine administration reversed microglial activation and iNOS increase, but not the alterations of oxidative stress parameters. Taken together these results give further evidences for a neuroprogressive etiology and course of schizophrenia and that clozapine may partly alleviate this process. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

引用

页码：12 / 19

页数：8

共 56 条

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