Asymptotic and interlacing properties of zeros of exceptional Jacobi and Laguerre polynomials

In this paper we state and prove some properties of the zeros of exceptional Jacobi and Laguerre polynomials. Generically, the zeros of exceptional polynomials fall into two classes: the regular zeros, which lie in the interval of orthogonality and the exceptional zeros, which lie outside that interval. We show that the regular zeros have two interlacing properties: one is the natural interlacing between zeros of consecutive polynomials as a consequence of their Sturm-Liouville character, while the other one shows interlacing between the zeros of exceptional and classical polynomials. A Heine-Mehler type formula is provided for the exceptional polynomials, which allows to derive the asymptotic behaviour of their regular zeros for large degree n and fixed codimension m. We also describe the location and the asymptotic behaviour of the m exceptional zeros, which converge for large n to fixed values. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.