Transcriptome profiling reveals the anti-diabetic molecular mechanism of Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharides Anti-diabetic molecular mechanism of Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharides

Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharides have been reported to prevent diabetes, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This current study aimed to reveal the possible underlying anti-diabetic mechanisms of CPP based on transcriptome profiling. Our experimental results demonstrated CPP could protect pancreas islets through decreasing oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and alleviate dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis and liver injury. Pancreatic transcriptome profiling suggested CPP could down-regulate genes related to mitochondrion and fatty acid metabolism process, which decreased the production of reactive oxygen species and alleviated oxidative stress damage. Besides, liver transcriptome analysis indicated CPP down-regulated biological processes related to lipid metabolic, oxidation-reduction and apoptosis, and up-regulated protein synthesis, which contributed to preventing liver injuries. Additionally, the miR-199a-5p/miR-31a-5p and TF Jun may form regulatory modules to contribute to alleviating liver injuries. Taken together, our findings revealed the anti-diabetic effects of CPP and revealed potential molecular mechanisms at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.