Current Applications of Artificial Intelligence to Classify Cervical Lymph Nodes in Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma-A Systematic Review

被引:22
作者
Santer, Matthias [1 ]
Kloppenburg, Marcel [1 ]
Gottfried, Timo Maria [1 ]
Runge, Annette [1 ]
Schmutzhard, Joachim [1 ]
Vorbach, Samuel Moritz [2 ]
Mangesius, Julian [2 ]
Riedl, David [3 ,4 ]
Mangesius, Stephanie [5 ]
Widmann, Gerlig [5 ]
Riechelmann, Herbert [1 ]
Dejaco, Daniel [1 ]
Freysinger, Wolfgang [1 ]
机构
[1] Med Univ Innsbruck, Dept Otorhinolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
[2] Med Univ Innsbruck, Dept Radiat Oncol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
[3] Med Univ Innsbruck, Univ Hosp Psychiat 2, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
[4] Ludwig Boltzmann Inst Rehabil Res, A-1100 Vienna, Austria
[5] Med Univ Innsbruck, Dept Radiol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
关键词
head and neck neoplasms; head and neck cancer; head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; artificial intelligence; artificial neural networks; machine learning; computed tomography scan; magnetic resonance imaging; positron emission tomography; lymph nodes; lymph node metastases; EXTRACAPSULAR SPREAD; RADIOMICS; IDENTIFICATION; METASTASES; CRITERIA;
D O I
10.3390/cancers14215397
中图分类号
R73 [肿瘤学];
学科分类号
100214 ;
摘要
Simple Summary Locally-advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is mainly defined by the presence of pathologic cervical lymph nodes (LNs). Radiologic criteria to classify LNs as pathologic or non-pathologic are shape-based. However, significantly more quantitative information is contained within images. This information could be exploited to classify LNs in patients with locally-advanced HNSCC by means of artificial intelligence (AI). The present work systematically reviews original articles that specifically explore the role of AI to classify LNs in locally-advanced HNSCC. Between 2001 and 2022, 13 retrospective studies were identified. AI's mean diagnostic accuracy for LN-classification was 86% (range: 43-99%). Consequently, all of the identified studies concluded AI to be a potentially promising diagnostic support tool for LN-classification in HNSCC. However, adequately powered, prospective, randomized control trials are urgently required to further assess AI's role in LN-classification in locally-advanced HNSCC. Locally-advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is mainly defined by the presence of pathologic cervical lymph nodes (LNs) with or without extracapsular spread (ECS). Current radiologic criteria to classify LNs as non-pathologic, pathologic, or pathologic with ECS are primarily shape-based. However, significantly more quantitative information is contained within imaging modalities. This quantitative information could be exploited for classification of LNs in patients with locally-advanced HNSCC by means of artificial intelligence (AI). Currently, various reviews exploring the role of AI in HNSCC are available. However, reviews specifically addressing the current role of AI to classify LN in HNSCC-patients are sparse. The present work systematically reviews original articles that specifically explore the role of AI to classify LNs in locally-advanced HNSCC applying Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and the Study Quality Assessment Tool of National Institute of Health (NIH). Between 2001 and 2022, out of 69 studies a total of 13 retrospective, mainly monocentric, studies were identified. The majority of the studies included patients with oropharyngeal and oral cavity (9 and 7 of 13 studies, respectively) HNSCC. Histopathologic findings were defined as reference in 9 of 13 studies. Machine learning was applied in 13 studies, 9 of them applying deep learning. The mean number of included patients was 75 (SD +/- 72; range 10-258) and of LNs was 340 (SD +/- 268; range 21-791). The mean diagnostic accuracy for the training sets was 86% (SD +/- 14%; range: 43-99%) and for testing sets 86% (SD +/- 5%; range 76-92%). Consequently, all of the identified studies concluded AI to be a potentially promising diagnostic support tool for LN-classification in HNSCC. However, adequately powered, prospective, and randomized control trials are urgently required to further assess AI's role in LN-classification in locally-advanced HNSCC.
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页数:19
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