Maori experiences of multiple forms of discrimination: findings from Te Kupenga 2013

Comprehensive exploration of Maori experiences of discrimination in Aotearoa New Zealand remains limited, particularly in relation to exposure to multiple and interlocking forms of discrimination. This paper presents findings from a secondary analysis of Te Kupenga 2013, the first Maori Social Survey, examining patterning and prevalence of different forms of discrimination for Maori (n=5,549). Maori report experiencing multiple forms of discrimination, both over their lifetimes and within the last year. Although racial discrimination was the most commonly reported form, Maori also experience discrimination on the basis of other grounds including age, gender, and income. Maori also report exposure to multiple forms of discrimination. Discrimination occurred in a range of settings, with schools and workplaces common sites. The findings support the lived reality of Maori that racial and other forms of discrimination are pervasive, and experienced in multiple domains across the life course, representing a persistent breach of rights. It is critical that other forms of discrimination are measured alongside racism in order to understand and address the realities of multiple discrimination for Maori in Aotearoa New Zealand.