7-Methylguanosine Modifications in Transfer RNA (tRNA)

被引：179
作者：
Tomikawa, Chie [1 ]
机构：
[1] Ehime Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Biotechnol, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Bunkyo 3, Matsuyama, Ehime 7908577, Japan
来源：
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES | 2018年 / 19卷 / 12期
基金：
日本学术振兴会;
关键词：
RNA modification; tRNA methyltransferase; tRNA modification; methylase; ANTICODON WOBBLE POSITION; PRE-TRANSFER RNA; MESSENGER-RNA; M(7)G46 METHYLTRANSFERASE; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; THERMUS-THERMOPHILUS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; POLYMERASE-III; CAPPING ENZYME;
D O I：
10.3390/ijms19124080
中图分类号：
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号：
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要：
More than 90 different modified nucleosides have been identified in tRNA. Among the tRNA modifications, the 7-methylguanosine (m(7)G) modification is found widely in eubacteria, eukaryotes, and a few archaea. In most cases, the m(7)G modification occurs at position 46 in the variable region and is a product of tRNA (m(7)G46) methyltransferase. The m(7)G46 modification forms a tertiary base pair with C13-G22, and stabilizes the tRNA structure. A reaction mechanism for eubacterial tRNA m(7)G methyltransferase has been proposed based on the results of biochemical, bioinformatic, and structural studies. However, an experimentally determined mechanism of methyl-transfer remains to be ascertained. The physiological functions of m(7)G46 in tRNA have started to be determined over the past decade. For example, tRNA m(7)G46 or tRNA (m(7)G46) methyltransferase controls the amount of other tRNA modifications in thermophilic bacteria, contributes to the pathogenic infectivity, and is also associated with several diseases. In this review, information of tRNA m(7)G modifications and tRNA m(7)G methyltransferases is summarized and the differences in reaction mechanism between tRNA m(7)G methyltransferase and rRNA or mRNA m(7)G methylation enzyme are discussed.
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页数：14
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