Gene Polymorphisms of Interleukin-10 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Are Associated with Contrast-Induced Nephropathy

Background/Aims: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is the third most common cause of hospital-acquired acute renal failure. However, the pathogenesis of CIN remains unclear. This study evaluated the role of anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) and pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) gene polymorphisms as CIN susceptibility markers after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: Four IL-10 tag SNPs (rs1554286, rs3021094, rs3790622, rs1800896) and three TNF-alpha tag SNPs (rs1799964, rs1800630, rs1800629) were analyzed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry in 53 CIN patients and 455 control subjects. Serum IL-10 and TNF-alpha were detected using ELISA. Results: When compared to controls, the CIN patients showed increased frequencies of CC (rs1554286) and AG+GG (rs1800896) genotypes in IL-10 and GA+AA (rs1800629) genotype in TNF-alpha (OR = 2.24 (1.13-4.44), p = 0.018; OR = 2.61 (1.30-5.26), p = 0.005, and OR = 2.11 (1.08-4.09), p = 0.025, respectively). Baseline serum IL-10 levels in CIN patients were significantly lower (1.02 +/- 1.14 vs. 2.78 +/- 4.73 pg/ml, p = 0.008). Patients with CIN had a higher rate of decline in renal function than those without CIN (0.89 +/- 1.67 vs. 0.30 +/- 0.95 ml/min/1.73 m(2) per month, p = 0.002). Significantly higher rates of decline in creatinine clearance were noted in patients with TNF-alpha (rs1800629) GA+AA than GG genotype (0.88 +/- 1.83 vs. 0.36 +/- 0.70, p = 0.03), and with IL-10 (rs1800896) AG+GG than AA genotype (1.28 +/- 2.14 vs. 0.33 +/- 0.90, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Gene polymorphisms of IL-10 and TNF-alpha are associated with CIN risk and long-term renal outcome after PCI. More prospective studies are needed to confirm our results. Copyright (C) 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel