Duration of untreated illness in patients with somatoform disorders

Objective: A long duration of untreated mental illness (DUI) has been found to be associated with negative long-term outcomes. Although somatic symptom and related disorders are frequent in the general population and in primary care, data regarding the DUI of these disorders is scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate the DUI in patients with somatoform disorders. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, primary care patients at high risk of having a somatoform disorder were identified using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ). In a second step, life-time somatoform disorder diagnosis was established using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Additionally, DUI was retrospectively assessed via self-reporting and sociodemographic information was collected. Survival analysis was used to estimate the DUI and to identify patient-related predictors of DUI. Results: A total of 139 patients with somatoform disorders were included in the analyses. The mean DUI in these patients was 25.2 years (median 23.1 years). Higher education significantly predicted shorter DUI, whereas gender and age of onset were unrelated to DUI. Conclusions: The results reveal a substantial delay in adequate treatment of patients with somatoform disorders. The reported DUI emphasizes the importance of improvements in the management of patients with these disorders.